Pharos
TAKline

吞没形态 (Engulfing Pattern)

函数签名

python
TA.CDLENGULFING(opens, highs, lows, closes) -> array

功能说明

吞没形态是一个双向反转形态，由两根K线组成，第二根K线的实体完全吞没第一根K线的实体。

形态特征

看涨吞没 (Bullish Engulfing)

第一根: 阴线（实体较小）
第二根: 阳线（实体完全吞没第一根）

条件：

  • 第二根开盘价 < 第一根收盘价
  • 第二根收盘价 > 第一根开盘价
  • 出现在下跌趋势中

看跌吞没 (Bearish Engulfing)

第一根: 阳线（实体较小）
第二根: 阴线（实体完全吞没第一根）

条件：

  • 第二根开盘价 > 第一根收盘价
  • 第二根收盘价 < 第一根开盘价
  • 出现在上涨趋势中

参数说明

参数类型说明
opensarray开盘价数组
highsarray最高价数组
lowsarray最低价数组
closesarray收盘价数组

返回值

返回整数数组：

  • 100: 看涨吞没
  • 0: 无形态
  • -100: 看跌吞没

使用示例

基础用法

python
def main():
    while True:
        records = exchange.GetRecords()
        if len(records) < 10:
            Sleep(1000)
            continue
        
        opens = [r['Open'] for r in records]
        highs = [r['High'] for r in records]
        lows = [r['Low'] for r in records]
        closes = [r['Close'] for r in records]
        
        engulfing = TA.CDLENGULFING(opens, highs, lows, closes)
        
        if engulfing[-1] == 100:
            Log("看涨吞没，买入信号")
        elif engulfing[-1] == -100:
            Log("看跌吞没，卖出信号")
        
        Sleep(60000)

结合趋势判断

python
def main():
    while True:
        records = exchange.GetRecords()
        if len(records) < 100:
            Sleep(1000)
            continue
        
        opens = [r['Open'] for r in records]
        highs = [r['High'] for r in records]
        lows = [r['Low'] for r in records]
        closes = [r['Close'] for r in records]
        
        # 检测吞没形态
        engulfing = TA.CDLENGULFING(opens, highs, lows, closes)
        
        # 趋势判断
        sma20 = TA.SMA(closes, 20)
        sma50 = TA.SMA(closes, 50)
        
        # 看涨吞没 + 下跌趋势
        if engulfing[-1] == 100 and closes[-1] < sma20[-1] < sma50[-1]:
            Log("下跌趋势中出现看涨吞没，强烈买入信号")
            Log(f"入场价: {closes[-1]}")
            Log(f"止损: {lows[-1] * 0.98}")
        
        # 看跌吞没 + 上涨趋势
        elif engulfing[-1] == -100 and closes[-1] > sma20[-1] > sma50[-1]:
            Log("上涨趋势中出现看跌吞没，强烈卖出信号")
            Log(f"入场价: {closes[-1]}")
            Log(f"止损: {highs[-1] * 1.02}")
        
        Sleep(60000)

吞没强度分析

python
def analyze_engulfing_strength(opens, highs, lows, closes):
    """分析吞没形态的强度"""
    if len(closes) < 2:
        return None
    
    # 计算实体大小
    body1 = abs(closes[-2] - opens[-2])
    body2 = abs(closes[-1] - opens[-1])
    
    # 吞没比例
    ratio = body2 / body1 if body1 > 0 else 0
    
    # 第二根K线的影线
    upper_shadow = highs[-1] - max(opens[-1], closes[-1])
    lower_shadow = min(opens[-1], closes[-1]) - lows[-1]
    
    strength = {
        'ratio': ratio,
        'upper_shadow': upper_shadow,
        'lower_shadow': lower_shadow,
        'has_gap': opens[-1] > closes[-2] or opens[-1] < closes[-2]  # 是否跳空
    }
    
    # 评分
    score = 0
    if ratio > 2: score += 2  # 大幅吞没
    elif ratio > 1.5: score += 1
    
    if strength['has_gap']: score += 1  # 跳空开盘
    
    if upper_shadow < body2 * 0.2 and lower_shadow < body2 * 0.2:
        score += 1  # 影线短
    
    strength['score'] = score
    return strength

def main():
    while True:
        records = exchange.GetRecords()
        if len(records) < 100:
            Sleep(1000)
            continue
        
        opens = [r['Open'] for r in records]
        highs = [r['High'] for r in records]
        lows = [r['Low'] for r in records]
        closes = [r['Close'] for r in records]
        
        engulfing = TA.CDLENGULFING(opens, highs, lows, closes)
        
        if engulfing[-1] == 100:
            strength = analyze_engulfing_strength(opens, highs, lows, closes)
            Log(f"看涨吞没强度: {strength['score']}/4")
            Log(f"吞没比例: {strength['ratio']:.2f}")
            
            if strength['score'] >= 3:
                Log("⭐ 高质量吞没形态，强烈买入！")
        
        elif engulfing[-1] == -100:
            strength = analyze_engulfing_strength(opens, highs, lows, closes)
            Log(f"看跌吞没强度: {strength['score']}/4")
            
            if strength['score'] >= 3:
                Log("⭐ 高质量吞没形态，强烈卖出！")
        
        Sleep(60000)

双向交易系统

python
def main():
    position = None
    
    while True:
        records = exchange.GetRecords()
        if len(records) < 100:
            Sleep(1000)
            continue
        
        opens = [r['Open'] for r in records]
        highs = [r['High'] for r in records]
        lows = [r['Low'] for r in records]
        closes = [r['Close'] for r in records]
        volumes = [r['Volume'] for r in records]
        
        engulfing = TA.CDLENGULFING(opens, highs, lows, closes)
        atr = TA.ATR(highs, lows, closes, 14)
        
        # 成交量确认
        vol_sma = TA.SMA(volumes, 20)
        vol_confirm = volumes[-1] > vol_sma[-1] * 1.3
        
        # 买入
        if position is None and engulfing[-1] == 100 and vol_confirm:
            price = closes[-1]
            stop_loss = price - atr[-1] * 2
            take_profit = price + atr[-1] * 3
            
            Log(f"看涨吞没买入 @ {price}")
            position = {
                'direction': 'LONG',
                'entry': price,
                'stop': stop_loss,
                'target': take_profit
            }
        
        # 卖出（做空）
        elif position is None and engulfing[-1] == -100 and vol_confirm:
            price = closes[-1]
            stop_loss = price + atr[-1] * 2
            take_profit = price - atr[-1] * 3
            
            Log(f"看跌吞没卖出 @ {price}")
            position = {
                'direction': 'SHORT',
                'entry': price,
                'stop': stop_loss,
                'target': take_profit
            }
        
        # 平仓逻辑
        elif position is not None:
            current = closes[-1]
            
            if position['direction'] == 'LONG':
                if current < position['stop']:
                    Log("多单止损")
                    position = None
                elif current > position['target']:
                    Log("多单止盈")
                    position = None
                elif engulfing[-1] == -100:  # 反向信号
                    Log("反向信号平多")
                    position = None
            
            else:  # SHORT
                if current > position['stop']:
                    Log("空单止损")
                    position = None
                elif current < position['target']:
                    Log("空单止盈")
                    position = None
                elif engulfing[-1] == 100:  # 反向信号
                    Log("反向信号平空")
                    position = None
        
        Sleep(60000)

识别要点

高质量吞没形态

✅ 第二根实体完全吞没第一根
✅ 第二根实体是第一根的1.5倍以上
✅ 第二根影线很短
✅ 开盘跳空
✅ 成交量放大
✅ 出现在明确趋势中

低质量吞没形态

⚠️ 刚好吞没，比例接近1
⚠️ 第二根影线很长
⚠️ 没有跳空
⚠️ 成交量萎缩
⚠️ 出现在震荡中

实战技巧

1. 判断吞没强度

python
# 计算吞没比例
body1 = abs(closes[-2] - opens[-2])
body2 = abs(closes[-1] - opens[-1])
ratio = body2 / body1

if ratio > 2:
    Log("强力吞没 - 信号强")
elif ratio > 1.5:
    Log("中等吞没 - 信号中")
else:
    Log("弱吞没 - 谨慎")

2. 跳空确认

python
# 看涨吞没跳空向下开盘
bullish_gap = (engulfing[-1] == 100 and 
               opens[-1] < closes[-2])

# 看跌吞没跳空向上开盘
bearish_gap = (engulfing[-1] == -100 and 
               opens[-1] > closes[-2])

3. 止损设置

python
# 看涨吞没止损
if engulfing[-1] == 100:
    stop_loss = min(lows[-2], lows[-1]) * 0.98

# 看跌吞没止损
if engulfing[-1] == -100:
    stop_loss = max(highs[-2], highs[-1]) * 1.02

可靠性分析

评估项评分
整体可靠性⭐⭐⭐⭐ (高)
单独使用⭐⭐⭐ (可以)
结合趋势⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ (强烈推荐)
结合成交量⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ (强烈推荐)

统计数据

  • 胜率: 约60-65%（单独使用）
  • 胜率: 约75-80%（结合确认）
  • 最佳时间周期: 日线、4小时
  • 适用市场: 所有市场

常见组合

吞没 + RSI

python
engulfing = TA.CDLENGULFING(opens, highs, lows, closes)
rsi = TA.RSI(closes, 14)

# 看涨吞没 + RSI超卖
if engulfing[-1] == 100 and rsi[-1] < 30:
    Log("吞没 + RSI超卖 = 强烈买入")

# 看跌吞没 + RSI超买
if engulfing[-1] == -100 and rsi[-1] > 70:
    Log("吞没 + RSI超买 = 强烈卖出")

吞没 + 布林带

python
engulfing = TA.CDLENGULFING(opens, highs, lows, closes)
upper, middle, lower = TA.BBANDS(closes, 20, 2, 2)

# 下轨 + 看涨吞没
if engulfing[-1] == 100 and closes[-2] < lower[-2]:
    Log("布林下轨 + 看涨吞没 = 买入")

# 上轨 + 看跌吞没
if engulfing[-1] == -100 and closes[-2] > upper[-2]:
    Log("布林上轨 + 看跌吞没 = 卖出")

注意事项

⚠️ 重要提示:

  1. 需要TA-Lib库: 此函数依赖TA-Lib
  2. 趋势重要: 在明确趋势中使用效果最佳
  3. 成交量确认: 第二根K线成交量应放大
  4. 比例很重要: 吞没比例越大，信号越强
  5. 避免震荡市: 震荡市中吞没形态可靠性降低

相关形态

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吞没形态 (Engulfing Pattern)函数签名功能说明形态特征看涨吞没 (Bullish Engulfing)看跌吞没 (Bearish Engulfing)参数说明返回值使用示例基础用法结合趋势判断吞没强度分析双向交易系统识别要点高质量吞没形态低质量吞没形态实战技巧1. 判断吞没强度2. 跳空确认3. 止损设置可靠性分析统计数据常见组合吞没 + RSI吞没 + 布林带注意事项相关形态返回